连词 Conjunctions
考试：📘 KET ✓ 📙 PET ✓ 分类：词法 考试入口：KET语法清单 | PET语法清单 关联：五大基本句型 Five Sentence Patterns | 条件句 Conditionals
核心规则（Grammar Core）
连词是什么？
连词是把两个句子粘在一起的胶水。没有连词，你只能写短句；有了连词，你能写复杂的长句——这正是 KET 写作从5分升到8分的关键。
📘 KET 必会连词（7个）
| 连词 | 含义 | 连接关系 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|---|
| and | 和、而且 | 添加 | I like tea and coffee. |
| but | 但是 | 转折 | She’s young but very smart. |
| or | 或者 | 选择 | Do you want tea or coffee? |
| so | 所以 | 结果 | It was raining, so I took an umbrella. |
| because | 因为 | 原因 | I stayed home because it was raining. |
| when | 当……时 | 时间 | I was happy when I heard the news. |
| if | 如果 | 条件 | I’ll come if you invite me. |
KET 写作评分标准：Part 7 要求写35+词的故事/邮件。阅卷官看的就是你会不会用 and/but/so/because 连接句子。只写短句 = 低分。
📙 PET 扩展连词
| 连词 | 含义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| although / though | 虽然 | Although it was cold, we went swimming. |
| however | 然而（句间） | The test was hard. However, I passed. |
| while | 当……同时 / 而（对比） | While I like cats, my sister prefers dogs. |
| unless | 除非（= if not） | I won’t go unless you come with me. |
| so that | 为了 | I study hard so that I can pass the exam. |
| as soon as | 一……就 | Call me as soon as you arrive. |
| even though | 即使 | Even though he’s tired, he keeps working. |
Grammar Lens
连词位置规则
| 类型 | 位置 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| and/but/or/so | 两个句子中间 | I was tired, but I kept studying. |
| because/when/if/although | 句首或句中都可以 | Because it rained, we stayed home. = We stayed home because it rained. |
| however | 新句子开头（加逗号） | I studied hard. However, I failed. |
Trap ❌ because 和 so 不能同时出现！ ✅ Because it was raining, I stayed home. ✅ It was raining, so I stayed home. ❌
Because it was raining, so I stayed home.
对比辨析：because vs so ⚠️
because → 原因在后
I stayed home because it was raining.
↑ 原因
so → 结果在后
It was raining, so I stayed home.
↑ 结果
两句话意思一样，但方向相反。KET 完形填空考的就是”这里需要原因还是结果”。
对比辨析：but vs although/however
| 用法 | 例句 | |
|---|---|---|
| but | 连接两个分句 | He’s old but strong. |
| although | 引导从句（可放句首） | Although he’s old, he’s strong. |
| however | 连接两个独立句子 | He’s old. However, he’s strong. |
三个都表转折，语气递增：but < although < however。PET 写作用 although/however 比只用 but 得分更高。
😂 Grammar Joke
连词的力量
Without conjunctions: I woke up. I was late. I ran. I missed the bus. I was sad. I walked. I was tired. I arrived. The teacher was angry.
With conjunctions: I woke up late, so I ran to the bus stop, but I missed the bus. I was sad because I had to walk. When I finally arrived, the teacher was angry, although it wasn’t really my fault.
同样的故事，没有连词 = 机器人说话（9个短句），有连词 = 人类说话（2个长句）。
语法点：连词的价值不在于语法对错，而在于让你的英语从”碎片”变成”流动的故事”。这正是 KET 写作评分的核心。
🏛 语言文化光点
“And” 是英语中使用频率最高的词之一
在英语所有文本中，“and” 的使用频率排名第3（仅次于 “the” 和 “be”）。一个英语母语者平均每天说出 “and” 超过500次。
有趣的是，古英语的 “and” 拼写是 “ond” 或 “and”，一千多年几乎没变过——它太基础了，连语言演化都懒得碰它。
莎士比亚的剧本名《罗密欧与朱丽叶》英文是 Romeo and Juliet。想象一下如果没有 and：“Romeo. Juliet.” ——整个爱情故事的感觉就没了。
📖 Real English · 真实阅读
🔵 My Best Friend
Emma is my best friend. We’ve known each other since we were five, and we do almost everything together. She’s really smart, but she never shows off. I like science, but Emma prefers art. When we were ten, we had a big argument because I accidentally broke her favourite pencil case. I felt terrible, so I bought her a new one. She forgave me immediately. “It’s just a pencil case,” she said. Although we’re very different, we always understand each other. I can’t imagine my life without her.
🔵 A Camping Trip Gone Wrong
We decided to go camping last weekend because the weather forecast said it would be sunny. We packed our tent and sleeping bags and set off on Saturday morning. Everything was fine when we arrived, so we built the tent and made a fire. But at midnight, it started raining heavily. The tent was cheap, so water came in everywhere. We tried to fix it, but it was useless. Although we were cold and wet, we started laughing. “If we survive this,” I said, “we’ll have the best story ever.” When we got home on Sunday, we were exhausted but happy. My mum asked, “How was it?” I said, “Perfect.” Because sometimes the worst trips make the best memories.
🔵 Why Do We Learn English?
Many students ask: “Why do we have to learn English?” There are many reasons. English is the language of science and technology, so if you want to work in these fields, you need it. It’s also the language of the internet — about 60% of all websites are in English. Although Chinese has more native speakers, English is spoken in more countries. When you travel, English helps you communicate almost anywhere. But the most important reason is this: when you learn a language, you don’t just learn words and grammar — you learn how another culture thinks. And that makes you a bigger person.
📝 中文注释（先读完英文再展开）
我的好朋友：and（添加）、but（转折，两人兴趣不同）、when（时间）、because（原因，弄坏铅笔盒）、so（结果，买了新的）、although（虽然不同但互相理解）——7个 KET 核心连词在一段友谊故事中全部出场。
露营翻车记：连词密度极高——because/and/when/so/but/although/if 反复出现。注意 “Although we were cold and wet, we started laughing” 中 although 放句首，and 连接两个形容词。最后 “Because sometimes…” 用 because 开头的独立句做结尾——非常口语化的写作风格。
为什么学英语：and/so/if/although/when/but/and——一篇议论短文中的连词使用。注意 “when you learn a language, you don’t just learn words and grammar” 中 when 引导时间从句，and 并列两个名词。这是 PET 写作（议论文）的参考范本。
练习题
📘 KET 基础（5题）
- I was hungry, _____ I made a sandwich.（so / because）
- She likes swimming _____ she doesn’t like running.（and / but）
- We can go to the cinema _____ we can stay at home.（and / or）
- I didn’t go to school _____ I was sick.（so / because）
- _____ it was raining, the children played outside.（Although / Because）
📙 PET 进阶（3题）
- 用 however 改写：The exam was difficult, but I passed. → The exam was difficult. _____, I passed.
- 用 unless 改写：If you don’t hurry, you’ll miss the train. → You’ll miss the train _____ you hurry.
- 用至少5个不同连词写一段”我的上周末”（5-6句话）。
🔗 节点关系
连词 ──────────┬─ and/but/or/so（并列连词 · 📘 KET）
├─ because/when/if（从属连词 · 📘 KET）
├─ although/however/unless（📙 PET 升级）
├─ 条件句（if 的深化用法）
└─ 状语从句（because/when/although · Phase 2）
双链跳转： 五大基本句型 Five Sentence Patterns | 条件句 Conditionals | 一般过去时 Simple Past | 疑问句 Questions
Code & Rob · K12英语语法库 · KET/PET, 2026